Kap meaning3/14/2023 Additionally, closed questions may be used to elicit specific information in an efficient manner. Closed questions may also be used to assess a respondent’s opinions or attitudes by choosing a rating on a scale. For example, they may be asked if they are male or female.Ĭlosed questions are commonly used for obtaining data on background information such as age, marital status, or education. Categorical- this question type is appropriate when respondents are asked to identify themselves into a specific category.Ordinal- these questions are useful when participants are asked to rank a series of responses.For example, these questions are useful for asking someone’s age. Numerical- these questions are used when possible responses are numeric in form.The scale typically ranges from extremely not important, not important, neutral, important, to extremely important, or strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree to strongly agree. Likert Scale- this question type is appropriate when the researcher would like to identify how respondents feel about a certain issue.Multiple Choice- this question type is useful when the researcher would like participants to select the most relevant response.Closed questions can be categorized into 5 different types: (5) They can include yes/no questions, true/false questions, multiple choice, or scaled questions. “How did you become a member of the Village Health Committee?” (4)Ĭategorize the response into these options:Ĭlosed questions have a list of possible answers from which respondents must choose. Therefore, the researcher must always avoid presenting possible answers to the study participant.Įxample of a pre-categorized open-ended question: If the respondent hesitates when answering a question, the interviewer may be tempted to present possible answers, causing bias. In addition, interviewers may try to force the information into the listed categories instead of exploring the question more thoroughly. One of the major risks is that the respondent will pre-categorize too quickly, resulting in a potential loss of interesting and valuable information. The advantages of these types of questions are that answers can be recorded quickly, and the analysis is often easier. There is also usually an alternative titled “other” with a black space next to it. Partially categorized questions are similar to open-ended questions, but some answers have already been pre-categorized to facilitate recording and analysis. “What would you do if you noticed that your daughter (school girl) had a relationship with a teacher?”.“What do you think are the reasons some adolescents in this area start using drugs?”.(2) In addition, open-ended questions can be difficult to analyze statistically because the data is not uniform and must be coded in some manner. Researchers who utilize open-ended questions must be skilled interviewers since they need to record all information to avoid loss of important information, and the analysis is time-consuming. Completely open-ended questions allow the researcher to probe more deeply into issues, thus providing new insights, bringing to light new examples or illustrations, and allowing for different interpretations and a variety of responses. These types of questions are useful for obtaining in-depth information on facts with which the researcher is not very familiar, opinions, attitudes and suggestions, or sensitive issues. Open-ended questions ask participants to come up with their own responses and allow the researcher to document the opinions of the respondent in his or her own words. Accurate random sampling and high response rates will be wasted if the information gathered is built on a shaky foundation of ambiguous or biased questions.” (1) There are three main types of survey methodologies, and each has their own risks and benefits. “Perhaps the most important part of the survey process is the creation of questions that accurately measure the opinions, experiences and behaviors of the public. Enroll in the Global Health Research Certificate Program Survey Methodologies
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